关键词:渔业可持续发展;理论问题;指标体系;战略方策
A Humble opinion on research of sustainabledevelopment of fisheriesBAO Teligenbaiyi1, ZHENG Jihui2(1.College of Economics and Management, Dalian Ocean Univ.,Dalian 116023, China; 2.The Training Centre, Dalian OceanFishery Group of Corporation, Dalian 116113, China)Abstract:Sustainable development of fisheries is a type of theoryand strategy to develop fisheries and to pursue harmony amongaquatic eco-environment, fishery economy and fishing communi-ty. This conception dates back to traditional theory of fisheriesmanagement. The research on sustainable development of fish-eries shows some achievements in theoretical issues, system ofindicators and implementation of strategy, but reveals lack of re-search strength and persistence, and academic depth and widthis quite limited. The existing research results mainly concentrateon macro-research, applied research, countermeasures research,concept research, and literature research. The results concern-ing micro-research, theory research, positive research, assess-ment system, and actual survey are comparatively fewer andweaker. The further research shall focus on essential character-istics of concept, system of assessment indicators, renovation ofstrategy and methods, expansion of research field, and positiveresearch and advanced research.
Key words:sustainable development of fisheries; theoretical is-sues; system of indicators; strategy and methods
其实,虽然可持续发展概念来源于生态学,但是从传统的渔业管理理论中也能探寻到朴素的可持续发展理念。M. B. Schaefer(1957)在其论文《商业性海洋渔业管理的资源解析学和经济学角度的若干考察》中所提倡的MSY理论就是水产品可持续利用的渔业管理③理论。该理论可由Schaefer的逻辑斯蒂增殖模型(亦称剩余产量模型)所导出:在单位时间(通常以年份为单位)里的资源生物的加入量、个体增重量和自然死亡量统称为自然增加量(亦称剩余产量),则自然增加量与捕捞努力量呈抛物线的函数关系(见图1)。如果只许捕捞与自然增加量相当的部分资源生物,那么资源量水准将维持原有状态。